CST 311 - Intro to Computer Networks - Week 3

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This week in CST-311, I learned about the transport layer and its functions, which ensures that the data is transmitted reliably across networks. The transport layer provides logical communication between processes, building on top of the network layer, which is responsible for communication between hosts. One of the key concepts we covered was the difference between UDP (User Datagram Protocol) and TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). UDP is connectionless, meaning it does not require handshaking before communication, resulting in faster transmission but without guarantees of reliability. On the other hand, TCP is connection-oriented, providing reliable, in-order data transmission through a handshake process, flow control, and congestion control mechanisms. 

We also learned about the mechanisms of multiplexing and demultiplexing, where the transport layer directs segments to the appropriate socket based on IP addresses and port numbers. This ensures that data is correctly delivered to the correct application. Finally, I learned about TCP's flow control and congestion control. Flow control prevents the sender from overwhelming the receiver with too much data, while congestion control helps to adjust the transmission rate based on network congestion. These concepts provided a deep understanding of how the transport layer ensures efficient and reliable data transmission in a networked environment.

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